Woman who spoke up answer key

2 Name: Class: Women Who Spoke Up By Andrew Matthews 2018 In this informational text, Andrew Matthews discusses women throughout American history who fought to be a part of change. As you read, take notes on the different women discussed in the text and the movements to which they contributed. [1] Women have had to fight to be heard. For most of history, women were expected to keep silent. In their traditional roles as wives and mothers, their sphere of influence was home and family. That sphere kept them out of the public eye. Some determined women refused to be prevented from participating in public life. Even when they risked being accused of unacceptable female behavior, women began to speak up. In the 19th century, women were the moving force behind a number of reform issues. Many of those issues related to their sphere of influence: the home and what was in the best interest of families. Women worked to end slavery and child labor. They supported women s rights and temperance. 1 In the 20th century, women s roles in society changed more dramatically. More women spoke up. They addressed larger and broader audiences. Here are a few women whose "Women! Free our sisters" by N.E. Women's Liberation and Black Panther Party of Connecticut has no known restrictions on copyright. public words are remembered today as particularly inspiring and courageous. Sojourner Truth whose slave name was Isabella Baumfree was born into slavery in She escaped to freedom in She lived at a time when neither African Americans nor women were viewed as full citizens. She was both. She was deeply religious, and her faith called her to travel across the free states preaching the gospel. Contemporaries 2 noted that she had a heart of love and a tongue of fire. She used her voice to fight slavery and to support women s rights and temperance. After several lectures in New York City, one abolitionist 3 wrote that, she poured forth a torrent of natural eloquence, which swept everything before it. She gave her most famous and unprepared speech in Ohio in It is known today as her Ain t I a Woman speech, but historians now question whether she ever used those exact words. She pointed out the inequality that existed between the races and the genders. 1. the movement against drinking alcohol 2. people living during the same time 3. a person who supported the end of slavery 1

3 I am a woman s rights. I have as much muscle as any man, and can do as much work as any man. I have plowed and reaped and husked and chopped and mowed, and can any man do more than that? I have heard much about the sexes being equal; I can carry as much as any man, and can eat as much too if I can get it. I am as strong as any man that is now. As for intellect, all I can say is, if woman have a pint and man a quart why can t she have her little pint full? You need not be afraid to give us our rights for fear we will take too much for we can t take more than our pint ll hold. As an African-American woman journalist living in the South, Ida B. Wells-Barnett had her life threatened for the work she did. She led a one-person campaign against lynching. She did that by gathering stories. She studied the information. She produced facts and statistics. And she spoke about it. In 1909, she gave a speech to the newly created National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). This Awful Slaughter presented hard facts about a subject that others refused to address publicly. Wells-Barnett forced people to face the reality of the horrors of lynching. She called on her listeners and the NAACP to do more to end it. [5] [Lynching] is national a blight 4 upon our nation, mocking our laws and disgracing our Christianity. With malice 5 toward none but with charity for all let us undertake the work of making the law of the land effective and supreme upon every foot of American soil a shield to the innocent; and to the guilty, punishment swift and sure. When Clara Lemlich was a teenager, her Jewish family fled from the Ukraine to escape religious persecution. 6 The family settled in New York City. Lemlich found work in a textile factory. 7 Factory employees worked long days more than 10 hours and six days a week. They earned only a few dollars. The terrible conditions motivated Lemlich to join the International Ladies Garment Workers Union. She became a leader in the effort to fight for workers rights. She organized several strikes. On November 22, 1909, she was part of a crowd listening to male organizers offer advice to workers. She insisted on speaking to the crowd. Her words sparked a massive strike known as the Uprising of the 20, Striking factory workers refused to work and protested in the streets. After more than two months, owners agreed to better pay and shorter workdays. I am a working girl, one of those who are on strike against intolerable conditions. I am tired of listening to speakers who talk in general terms. What we are here to decide is whether we shall or shall not strike. I offer a resolution that a general strike be declared now. Mary Harris Mother Jones was a labor activist at the turn of the 20th century. She traveled around the country and gave speeches that organized laborers. She spoke for children, mill workers, coal miners, steelworkers, and immigrants. Those workers were paid pennies to work long days under harmful conditions. Sometimes her speeches were rough and coarse she referred to herself as a hell-raiser. One opponent called her the most dangerous woman in America. But her words energized workers to fight for better conditions and pay. In 1912, she gave a now-famous speech at a West Virginia coal mine. Workers had struck to fight for a better contract with the mine owners. She spoke without notes and directly to the crowd. Her speech survives today because the mine bosses hired a stenographer to take notes. They hoped to use Jones words against her for inciting 9 violence. 4. a disease 5. Malice (noun): the intention or desire to do evil 6. Persecution (noun) ill-treatment of someone, especially because of their race, religion, or political beliefs 7. a factory where clothing is made 8. a labor strike consisting of mainly Jewish women 9. Incite (verb): to stir up or encourage 2

4 This meeting tonight indicates a milestone of progress of the miners and workers of the State of West Virginia... You will not be serfs, 10 you will march, march, march on from milestone to milestone of human freedom, you will rise like men in the new day and slavery will get its death blow. It has got to die. Goodnight. [10] Margaret Chase Smith was the first woman to serve in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. She won election to the Senate in Two years later, she bravely spoke up when other public leaders remained silent. At that time, Americans feared the spread of communism 11 and its ties to the Soviet Union. Senator Joseph R. McCarthy was heading a campaign to identify Communist activity in the United States. McCarthy s hunt ruined the careers and lives of the people accused. Smith delivered her Declaration of Conscience on the Senate floor. She did not specifically name McCarthy. But she commented on the state of fear that had crept into U.S. politics. She warned against its dangerous anti-american tone. I think that it is high time that we remembered that we have sworn to uphold and defend the Constitution. I think that it is high time that we remembered that the Constitution, as amended, speaks not only of the freedom of speech but also of trial by jury instead of trial by accusation. African-American civil rights activist Fannie Lou Hamer gave an electrifying testimonial in Hamer was the vice chair of the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party. The party wanted to challenge Mississippi s all-white state delegation to the Democratic National Convention. Hamer addressed the convention credentials committee. She shared her personal experience of trying to register to vote in the South. She described how she had been jailed and beaten. She testified that she been shot at and verbally abused because she wanted to vote. President Lyndon B. Johnson tried to prevent her testimony from being aired by making a speech of his own at the same time. But Hamer s televised appearance made the news, and it reached a large audience. Her hope to have some of the Mississippi Freedom Democrats seated at the national convention did not succeed. But four years later, she was a delegate at the Democratic National Convention. She was the first woman to represent Mississippi and the first African American to be seated at a national convention since the 1870s. And if the Freedom Democratic Party is not seated now, I question America. Is this America, the land of the free and the home of the brave, where we have to sleep with our telephones off the hooks because our lives be threatened daily, because we want to live as decent human beings in America? Women who Spoke Up, originally titled Speaking Up by Andrew Matthews, Cobblestone, by Carus Publishing Company. Reproduced with permission. All Cricket Media material is copyrighted by Carus Publishing Company, d/b/a Cricket Media, and/or various authors and illustrators. Any commercial use or distribution of material without permission is strictly prohibited. 10. people who were forced to work on a lord s land during the Medieval period 11. a political theory in which all property is publicly owned 3

5 Text-Dependent Questions Directions: For the following questions, choose the best answer or respond in complete sentences. 1. What is the central idea of the text? A. Women were often kept out of social and political movements by the men leading them. B. Women have made important contributions to a variety of social and political movements. C. Women have largely contributed to the social and political movements that directly impact them. D. Women have made many important contributions to the United States, but they have largely been kept quiet. 2. Which of the following describes what the sphere of influence most likely refers to? (Paragraph 1) A. areas where women have power B. areas where women go unseen C. areas where women have no power D. areas where women are kept out 3. What is the meaning of eloquence as it is used in paragraph 2? A. angry critiquing B. weak requesting C. kind commenting D. persuasive speaking 4. Which of the following describes how the black women discussed in this text contributed to civil rights? A. They held violent protests to challenge the unfair treatment of black people. B. They brought attention to, and challenged, the unfair treatment of black people. C. They supported the black men who were protesting the unfair treatment of black people. D. They challenged the unfair treatment of black people in secret, to avoid criticism from men. 5. What does the word electrifying suggest about Hamer s testimonial? (Paragraph 12) A. It hurt people. B. It informed people. C. It interested people. D. It frightened people. 4

6 6. Why does the author likely include quotes from the women discussed in the text? A. to show how intelligent these women were B. to highlight how difficult these women s lives were C. to provide proof of these women s accomplishments D. to emphasize how inspiring these women s words were 7. How does the author organize information in the text? A. He describes different women and their contributions. B. He compares men s contributions and women s contributions. C. He describes women from most well-known to least well-known. D. He compares women s contributions in the past and in the present. 8. How did Lemlich s and Jones contributions to workers rights compare? (Paragraphs 6-9) 5

7 Discussion Questions Directions: Brainstorm your answers to the following questions in the space provided. Be prepared to share your original ideas in a class discussion. 1. In the text, the author describes how women had to fight to be heard. Do you think that is still true today? Why or why not? 2. In the text, the author describes how people did not think women should participate in public life. What obstacles do you think female activists faced? What additional challenges do you think female activists of color faced? 3. In the text, the author describes various social and political movements that women contributed to. Do you think these movements would have been as successful without the contributions of women? Why or why not? 6

8 Name: Class: Where the Sidewalk Ends By Shel Silverstein 1974 Sheldon Allan Shel Silverstein ( ) was an American poet, cartoonist, and author of children s books. Where the Sidewalk Ends is a poem from Silverstein s collection by the same name, which features poems alongside illustrations. As you read, take notes on how the author describes "where the sidewalk ends," and consider what the end of the sidewalk represents. [1] [5] There is a place where the sidewalk ends and before the street begins, and there the grass grows soft and white, and there the sun burns crimson bright, and there the moon-bird rests from his flight to cool in the peppermint wind. [10] Let us leave this place where the smoke blows black and the dark street winds and bends. Past the pits where the asphalt flowers grow we shall walk with a walk that is measured and slow and watch where the chalk-white arrows go to the place where the sidewalk ends. "Where the Sidewalk Ends" by Evil Eye, LLC is used with permission. [15] Yes we'll walk with a walk that is measured and slow, and we'll go where the chalk-white arrows go, for the children, they mark, and the children, they know, the place where the sidewalk ends. Where the Sidewalk Ends from Where the Sidewalk Ends, 1974, Evil Eye, LLC. Reprinted with permission, all rights reserved. 1

9 Text-Dependent Questions Directions: For the following questions, choose the best answer or respond in complete sentences. 1. PART A: Which statement best describes the meaning of the phrase peppermint wind, as it is used in line 6? A. The wind smells like sweet candy. B. The wind is energizing and refreshing. C. The wind is blue-green in color. D. The wind is red-and-white in color. [RL.4] 2. PART B: Which detail from the text best supports the answer to Part A? A. soft and white (Line 3) B. crimson bright (Line 4) C. to cool (Line 6) D. smoke blows black (Line 7) [RL.1] 3. PART A: According to the narrator's descriptions, how does a place where the sidewalk ends and this place differ? [RL.4] A. The place where the sidewalk ends is scary and unknown, while this place is familiar and comfortable. B. The place where the sidewalk ends is dangerous because it is new, while this place is dangerous because it is old. C. The place where the sidewalk ends requires accompaniment by children, while this place does not require accompaniment of any kind. D. The place where the sidewalk ends is unknown and inviting, while this place is dirty and unwelcoming. 4. PART B: Which TWO details from the poem best support the answer to Part A? A. before the street begins (Line 2) B. grass grows soft and white (Line 3) C. Let us leave (Line 7) D. measured and slow (Line 10) E. chalk-white arrows (Line 11) F. the children, they know (Line 15) [RL.1] 5. How does the alliteration in line 9 contribute to the description of this place? A. Past the pits sounds harsh, hissing, and unfriendly. B. [A]sphalt flowers bring to mind a harsh and industrial place. C. Past the pits sounds bouncy and playful. D. [A]sphalt flowers would never grow in pits. [RL.5] 2

10 6. How does the point of view differ between the speaker and the person he is speaking to? [RI.6] A. The speaker doesn't know where the end of the sidewalk is, but the person he is speaking to does. B. The speaker knows about the end of the sidewalk, and wants to make sure the person he is speaking to doesn't find it. C. The speaker has heard of the end of the sidewalk, and is asking the person he is speaking to for help finding it. D. The speaker knows about the end of the sidewalk, and wants to show it to the person he is talking to. 7. How do the children contribute to the theme of the poem? [RL.2] 3

11 Discussion Questions Directions: Brainstorm your answers to the following questions in the space provided. Be prepared to share your original ideas in a class discussion. 1. In the poem, only the children know the place where the sidewalk ends. What do you think Shel Silverstein meant in these lines? Explain your answer. 2. Do you think that adults are as imaginative as children? Why or why not? 3. Why should we value our youth? Explain your answer. 4

12 Name: Class: The Wright Brothers: Air Pioneers By David White 2014 Orville Wright ( ) and Wilbur Wright ( ) were American inventors. They were aviation experts who are credited with building the world s first successful airplane. As you read, identify the challenges the brothers faced when engineering the first airplane. Part 1: A Childhood of Curiosity [1] Orville and Wilbur Wright were born four years apart, in different cities. They shared a curiosity about the world and a love of tinkering 1 that would make history. Wilbur was born in 1867 on a small farm near Millville, Indiana. Orville was born in 1871 in a house in Dayton, Ohio. Their father was a Bishop in the Church of the United Brethren in Christ. (The Wrights had five children in all: Reuchlin, Lorin, and Katharine were the names of the other children.) "The Wright Brothers: Air Pioneers" by C.H. Claudy is in the public domain. Life in the Wright house was strict but loving. Both parents encouraged their children to enjoy school and learn as much as they could. A large library of books about all kinds of subjects helped the Wright children quench 2 their thirst for knowledge from a very early age. Orville and Wilbur s fascination with flight began with a present their father gave them a flying toy. It had a paper body and other parts made of cork and bamboo. Rubber bands provided the power. The young boys (7 and 11) were thrilled to make the little toy fly across the room, so much so that they broke it. They remembered how it looked, though, and promised each other that someday they would fly in the air, just like the little toy. [5] The boys continued to be interested in mechanical things and flight. Orville sold kites at school to make money. Wilbur started reading all he could about how birds flew and machines worked. 1. Tinker (verb): to try to repair or make adjustments to something 2. to satisfy a thirst or desire for something 1

13 Though the boys were good students, neither graduated from high school. (Not many did in those days, actually.) Wilbur was hit in the face with a baseball bat when he was a teenager and suffered from irregular heartbeats the rest of his life. He stayed at home for a while, during which time their mother developed tuberculosis (which, at that time, was a devastating disease with no known cure). Wilbur recovered himself and then stayed at home to care for his mother. Orville left high school on his own, to start a printing business. He and Wilbur designed a printing press that worked very well. The two later sold the printing business and opened a bicycle shop. They were both very good mechanics and could fix just about anything anyone asked them to fix. (They inherited this skill and desire from their mother, who was the family mechanic.) It was in the bicycle shop that the idea of the airplane was born. One day, Wilbur squeezed an empty bicycle tube box flat. He noticed how it looked when he twisted in his hands. (The flattened box is the exact shape of the two-winged glider that the Wrights would produce just a couple years later.) They also used a bicycle chain as a propeller on their plane. (It should be pointed out here that the Wrights had to invent the propeller as a means of propulsion.) 3 The double-triangle design of the plane also looks a lot like a bicycle. And one day in 1902, Orville and Wilbur took turns pedaling one of their own bicycles down a city street as fast as they could go with a third wheel attached in front. The wheel was mounted flat on the handlebars. It spun freely, with two metal plates on top of it. One plate was flat, and the other was curved. This setup allowed the Wrights to measure air resistance, 4 another key to building an airplane that would work. The Wrights had also made kites, very large ones, in fact. By 1900, they were making ones so large that people could fly in them, sort of. These were called gliders, and Orville and Wilbur actually built one or two that were large enough for a person to ride in. They flew on nothing but air current, and the person could get a ride of about 10 seconds before the glider came down to the ground. Part 2: Persistence to Success [10] The Wrights wanted more, of course, and built a better glider that had a rudder, to steer with. One of their gliders stayed aloft 5 a time, flying more than 600 feet. But they still came down, no matter what the person aboard did. The Wrights wanted to make a machine such that the pilot could control when the machine would land. They had thought of engines, of course, like the ones in factories. But these engines were much too big. Orville and Wilbur finally decided to make an engine that would be small enough and light enough to power one of their gliders. With their mother s love of tinkering and their own curiosity driving them, they made an engine that would fit the bill and installed it on their newest glider. The Wrights had chosen Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, as a place to test their plane. This spot had lots of wind, and it had a large sand dune that would hopefully catch the plane if something went wrong. They had been coming to Kitty Hawk for a few years, testing gliders and other ideas. They had built more complicated machines all the time. 3. Propulsion refers to the force or action of pushing something forward. 4. Air resistance is a type of friction that acts in opposition to a moving object, slowing down the direction of the object. 5. in the air 2

14 So it was on December 14, 1903, that Wilbur Wright made the first experiment with the new manpowered airplane flight. The flight didn t last long and ended in a crash, which took the Wrights a few days to repair. And it is worth noting that the plane got up its momentum 6 on this attempt by gliding down a monorail from the top of a hill. (The plane had wheels, remember, and so it rolled down the rail, just like a bicycle.) Wilbur was the pilot that day. The brothers had flipped a coin to see who would go first. [15] After repairing the plane, Orville and Wilbur decided to put the track on flat ground. This would allow Wilbur to run alongside the plane as it was gaining speed and keep the right wing steady. (Because the plane had been going downhill on the first attempt, Orville couldn t keep up and so Wilbur had had to try to steer the plane himself. Not being familiar with how to do such a thing, Wilbur steered too much and the plane quickly hit the ground.) With the coin flip results intact (meaning that it was Orville s turn to fly), the little plane was launched on December 17. Wilbur pushed, Orville pedaled, and the plane rose in the air. It was only aloft for 12 seconds and went 120 feet, but it was official: The Wright brothers had a machine that could fly. Part 3: A Legacy in the Air They flew the machine three times that day, mainly because each time they managed to land without crashing. Each flight was a bit longer, and the final flight of the day carried Wilbur 852 feet. He was in the air for a full 59 seconds. The Wright plane wasn t a hit overnight, however. No one else knew about the flight. The brothers returned to their bicycle business in Dayton and also continued to refine their airplane invention. Not long after that, they had built a plane that could fly 25 miles and go 40 miles an hour. They even had a model that could fly circles in the air and not go off-balance and crash to the ground! In 1908, Wilbur flew one of their planes in front of royalty in Europe. In the same year, the rest of America discovered the airplane when a newspaper reporter witnessed a flight and wrote about it. The story was soon in newspapers all over the country. The Wrights were suddenly famous. [20] The very next year, they opened a business to make airplanes, the Wright Company. They found great fame and success making airplanes. Unfortunately, Wilbur died in 1912 of typhoid fever. Orville lived on, however, eventually selling his business and watching his and his brother s dream become a reality in the modern industrial age. The Wright Brothers: Air Pioneers from Social Studies for Kids by David White. Copyright Reprinted with permission, all rights reserved. 6. Momentum is the strength or force an object gains through motion or a series of events. 3

15 Text-Dependent Questions Directions: For the following questions, choose the best answer or respond in complete sentences. 1. PART A: Which of the following best describes the central idea of the text? A. The Wright brothers inspired generations of pilots and engineers after them to create better flying methods. B. The Wright brothers achieved their dreams because they were naturally talented engineers who needed little training. C. The Wright brothers dedicated their entire lives to flight, which paid off when they instantly became famous after the first successful flight. D. The Wright brothers were the first to successfully create and fly an airplane because of their brilliance and determination. 2. PART B: Which of the following quotes best supports the answer to Part A? A. Orville and Wilbur s fascination with flight began with a present their father gave them a flying toy. (Paragraph 4) B. They were both very good mechanics and could fix just about anything... (They inherited this skill and desire from their mother, who was the family mechanic.) (Paragraph 6) C. The brothers continued to refine their airplane invention. Not long after that, they had built a plane that could fly 25 miles and go 40 miles an hour. (Paragraph 18) D. Orville lived on, however, eventually selling his business and watching his and his brother s dream become a reality in the modern industrial age. (Paragraph 20) 3. How do paragraphs 3-5 contribute to the author s explanation of the Wright brothers? A. This section provides background information on the brothers love of learning and mechanical things, as well as what sparked their interest in flight. B. This section shows the brothers creativity as they looked to other sources, such as toys and birds, for inspiration on how to create a flying machine. C. This section provides insight into the Wrights household and helps the reader imagine what it must have been like for Orville and Wilbur growing up. D. This section shows how one incident can inspire lifelong dreams, like the paper toy inspired the Wright brothers obsession with mechanical engineering. 4. How does the relationship between gliders and airplanes help the reader understand how the Wright brothers achieved flight? A. Both the glider and plane relied on propulsion in order to get up and stay up in the air. B. The two inventions shared many similarities, such as design and using air currents, but the brothers wanted more control and power with the airplane. C. The two inventions shared many similarities, such as using propellers, but the brothers designed for more speed and momentum with the airplane. D. The glider was much more quickly popular than the airplane because fewer people were able to operate the airplane. 4

16 5. What connections does the author draw between the Wrights experiences as bicycle shop owners and how they designed the airplane? 5

17 Discussion Questions Directions: Brainstorm your answers to the following questions in the space provided. Be prepared to share your original ideas in a class discussion. 1. In paragraph 7 the author notes: It should be pointed out here that the Wrights had to invent the propeller as a means of propulsion. Do you think it is possible to invent something from nothing? Is that what the Wright brothers did? Explain your answer. 2. The Wright brothers were by no means successful at first; in fact, we learned from the text that they had a lot of struggles along their way to success. Do you think that those struggles are essential to success? Can you be successful if you are not resilient? Explain your answer. 3. In the context of this text, what qualities are essential for success? Cite evidence from this text, your own experience, and other literature, art, or history in your answer. 6

18 From Picture to Story: Getting Ready to Write Take some time to jot down as many words and phrases you can to describe your image using the categories below. In addition to describing what you see in the picture, use your imagination to comment on what you d be hearing, touching, tasting, and feeling in the picture as well. People Time and Place Events Important Objects Write one sentence that gives an overall impression or description of the image:

19 READTHEORY.ORG Name Date Making Cheese Macaroni and cheese, cheese pizza, grilled cheese many of us eat cheese every day. So where does cheese come from? You probably buy it at the store. But you can also make cheese at home with only a few simple things. First, you need to get everything ready. You will need milk, lemon juice, a saucepan, a spoon, and a clean piece of cloth, like a handkerchief or a bandanna. Pour 2 cups of milk into the pan on the stove and heat until it boils. Once the milk boils, turn the burner off but leave the pan sitting on the stove. Next, stir in 10 tablespoons of lemon juice. The lemon juice will make the milk curdle, which means to separate into curds and whey. Curds are the solid part, and whey is the liquid part. Stir the mixture well and then let the pan sit for 10 minutes. After 10 minutes, make a cone shape out of the handkerchief and pour the mixture through the cloth into the sink. The liquid whey will pass through the cloth into the sink and the solid curds will be caught in the cloth. These curds will be the cheese. Finally, squeeze the curds through the cloth to get out all the moisture. Form the curds into a ball and let it harden. Now you have homemade cheese, ready to slice and put in salads, on sandwiches, or even on pizza! 1) What does the passage tell you to do RIGHT AFTER the milk boils? A. Turn the burner off but leave the pan sitting on the stove. B. Stir in 10 tablespoons of lemon juice. C. Pour the mixture through the cloth. D. Stir the mixture well and let the pan sit for 10 minutes. 2) Which sentence from the passage best tells what this passage is about? A. Macaroni and cheese, cheese pizza, grilled cheese many of us eat cheese every day. B. But you can also make cheese at home, with only a few simple things. C. Curds are the solid part, and whey is the liquid part. D. Form the curds into a ball and let it harden. 3) After reading the passage, we can conclude that A. people should not buy cheese at the store

20 B. cheese takes hours to make C. homemade cheese is more expensive than cheese from a store D. cheese is made mainly from milk 4) In the final paragraph, the passage says, "Form the curds into a ball and let it harden." This sentence is A. an argument B. a question C. an instruction D. a conclusion 5) Would you be interested in making your own cheese? Why or why not?

21 Answers and Explanations 1) A Core Standard: Key Ideas and Details To answer this detail question correctly, we need to find where the author discusses boiling milk in the passage. A good way to do this is to scan the topic sentence of each paragraph, since this sentence will likely tell us what information can be found in the rest of that paragraph. The topic sentence of paragraph 3 reads: Pour 2 cups of milk into the pan on the stove and heat until it boils. This lets us know that the details we are looking for can likely be found in paragraph 3. In paragraph 3, the author writes, Pour 2 cups of milk into the pan on the stove and heat until it boils. Once the milk boils, turn the burner off but leave the pan sitting on the stove. This tells us that right after the milk boils, you should turn the burner off but leave the pan sitting on the stove. Therefore (A) is correct. The rest of the choices are all things the passage says to do after the milk boils, but not right after. Therefore (B), (C), and (D) are incorrect. 2) B Core Standard: Integration of Knowledge The passage is mostly about how to make cheese. In the beginning, the author says that you can make cheese at home. Then the author explains all the things you need to make cheese and the steps you must take. The sentence But you can also make cheese at home, with only a few simple things tells us that the passage will be about how to make cheese at home. Therefore (B) is correct. Examples of meals that contain cheese do not tell us that the passage will be about how to make cheese. So (A) is incorrect. An explanation of the curds and whey does not tell us that the passage will be about how to make cheese. This eliminates (C). One step in the process of making cheese does not tell us that the whole passage will be about how to make cheese. This means (D) is incorrect. 3) D Core Standard: Integration of Knowledge In paragraph 2, the author writes: First, you need to get everything ready. You will need milk, lemon juice, a saucepan, a spoon, and a clean piece of cloth, like a handkerchief or a bandanna. Then the author explains how boiling the milk and adding lemon juice will make cheese. Moreover, we learn

22 that you need 2 cups of milk. This is a much greater amount than the 10 tablespoons of lemon. From reading this passage, a reader can conclude that cheese is made mainly from milk. This means (D) is correct. Although the author says you can make cheese at home, he or she does not suggest that people should not buy cheese at the store, so (A) is incorrect. The author does not give any time amounts except for 10 minutes, so cheese might not take hours to make. This eliminates (B). The author does not say anything about cost, so (C) is incorrect. 4) C Core Standard: Integration of Knowledge An instruction is a direction used to coach or teach someone how to do something. In this sentence, the author is directing the reader how to make cheese. Therefore (C) is correct. The passage does not provide information to support choices (A), (B), or (D). Therefore they are incorrect.

23 Name Date 5th Grade Mixed Grammar Review Parts of Speech Choose the correct part of speech for the underlined word in each sentence below. Charles jumped over the puddle. a. noun b. verb c. adjective I love mint ice cream. a. adverb b. adjective c. preposition Gio ate his lunch quickly. a. verb b. adjective c. adverb Mom went to the store for milk. a. preposition b. adverb c. noun Kim left her umbrella by the door. a. preposition b. verb c. pronoun Is she coming over after school? a. pronoun b. noun c. preposition Write the correct article (a, an, the) to complete each sentence. Just grab first towel you see. Mark has aunt named Mary. Katy has interest in science. Uma ate banana yesterday. Verb Tense Write the correct form of the verb to complete each sentence. Then circle the tense. Tomorrow, I the rest of the book. (read) Xavier to the park yesterday. (go) The dog a squirrel and barks. (see) past present future past present future past present future Find worksheets, games, lessons Copyright & more 2018 at Education.com education.com/resources LLC All Rights Reserved More worksheets at Education.com

24 Name Date 5th Grade Mixed Grammar Review Subject-Verb Agreement Underline the subject and circle the verb in each sentence. Patricia knows how to divide fractions. Liam and I love collecting shells. The bear ran towards us. When it rains, he always uses his umbrella. Correct each of the sentences below so that the subject and verb agree. Zion and Jay plays soccer. The bird sing a pretty song. We talks with our friends every day. Sentence Structure Identify each type of sentence as simple, compound, or complex.. We went to the park, but Leah wasn t there. simple compound complex Juan and Tony play football together every afternoon. When I feel sick, I don t go to school. simple compound complex simple compound complex Write a compound sentence and underline the conjunction you use. Find worksheets, games, lessons Copyright & more 2018 at Education.com education.com/resources LLC All Rights Reserved More worksheets at Education.com

25 Name Date 5th Grade Mixed Grammar Review Punctuation Add the missing punctuation to each sentence. Meg ate an apple a sandwich and cheese. Is Dad still at work Jake said, Let s go play ball! My cousin Astrid is a great artist. Lauryn doesnt want to go to the movies. Where were you? asked Leo. I ll do my homework after school The cats bell is so shiny. Capitalization Underline the letters that should be capitalized in each sentence. My favorite book is the very hungry caterpillar. The teacher called on karen. catch the ball! She lives on green street in reno, nevada. I m going to visit uncle joe, not my other uncle. Have you ever seen the movie toy story? The president of the united states is here. let s eat at the cafe. Common Homophones Choose the correct homophone to complete each sentence. My friends are over. Don t you know playing softball? I m going to house after school. their there they re Hannah, my best friend! Is that brother? your you re The chef s hat is tall and always very clean. The dog buried bone in the yard. it s its Find worksheets, games, lessons Copyright & more 2018 at Education.com education.com/resources LLC All Rights Reserved More worksheets at Education.com

26 W R I T I N G V O C A B U L A R Y These similes are all mixed up. Use the given list of words to 1. Agatha s dog, Morty, is incredibly fast. He can run like the 2. Mr. Kennedy s new science book is as heavy as a(an) Cecilia looked out the window of the airplane to see the people way down below. They were as tiny as 5. The van was barely large enough for the Scorpions soccer team. They were packed in like 6. Oscar wasn't woken up by the earthquake last night. He sleeps like a(an) Pauline couldn't believe how hot it was today. She thought she was going to fry like a(an) 9. Mrs. Turner talks non-stop! Her mouth moves like a(an) 10. The students in Mr. Turner s class lined up straight as a(an) anchor ants arrow motor baby egg pancake sardines sun wind I m exhausted after swimming across that river. It s as wide as... Before he got a haircut and shaved his arms and legs, he was as hairy as... she said it felt like... Ronald is very unorganized. His room is as messy as... Copyright Education.com Find worksheets, games, lessons & more at education.com/resources created by: Education.com

27 Remember to work at your own pace; but be sure to complete weekly work every week so you won t get behind!!! I miss you guys stay safe!

28 Lesson 1 Name Compare Fractions and Decimals Essential Question How can you compare decimals, fractions, and mixed numbers on a number line? The Tech Club compared the weights of three cell phones. Estéban s phone weighed 4.7 ounces. Jill s phone weighed 4 3_5 ounces. Mona s phone weighed 4.35 ounces. Who has the phone with the lightest weight? t )PX DBO ZPV JEFOUJGZ UIF OVNCFS XJUI UIF MFBTU WBMVF You can use a number line to compare fractions and decimals. Remember: Greater values on a number line lie farther to the right. Compare the values on a number line. STEP 1 -PDBUF TPNF CFODINBSLT t #FODINBSL EFDJNBMT t #FODINBSL NJYFE OVNCFST 1_ 1_2 3_ STEP 2.BSL UIF XFJHIU PG FBDI DFMM QIPOF PO UIF OVNCFS MJOF t 'JOE UIF MPDBUJPO PG 3_5 BOE Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Since 4.35 < 4 _53 < 4.7, Mona s phone is lightest. Try This! Compare 1_5, 5_8, and 0.2. Which number has the greatest value? t.bsl FBDI WBMVF PO B OVNCFS MJOF 5IF HSFBUFTU OVNCFS JT _. Explain IPX ZPV EFDJEFE Explain how you can tell that 1_5 and 0.2 are equal. Getting Ready for Grade 6 P245

29 Share and Show For 1 2, identify the points on the number line. Then write the greater number. 1. point A as a decimal 2. point B as a fraction is greater. Locate each number on a number line. Then complete the sentence , 2 5, 0.46 The number with the greatest value is _. On Your OwnN Locate each number on a number line. Then complete the sentence , 3 4, 0.15 The number with the greatest value is _ , 2.45, The number with the least value is _ , 3 5 6, The number with the greatest value is _. 7. Hannah made 0.7 of her free throws in a basketball game. Abra made 9 10 of her free throws. Dena made 3_ 4 of her free throws. Who was the best shooter? Explain. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company P246

30 Lesson 2 Name Order Fractions and Decimals Essential Question How can you order decimals, fractions, and mixed numbers on a number line? In tennis, Jocelyn s serve takes 0.97 of a second to reach her opponent. Dave s serve takes 4_5 of a second. Monica s serve takes 0.85 of a second. Order the three serves from shortest to longest time. t :PV XBOU UP PSEFS UIF UJNFT GSPN TIPSUFTU UP MPOHFTU 4IPVME ZPV SFBE UIF OVNCFST PO UIF OVNCFS MJOF MFGU UP SJHIU PS SJHIU UP MFGU Order the fractions and decimals on the number line. STEP 1 Locate the benchmarks on the number line. t #FODINBSL EFDJNBMT t #FODINBSL GSBDUJPOT _4, _, 3_4 ' ( + ( ) * + '%), '%, '%., +, ( '%/, '%0. STEP 2 -PDBUF 4_ BOE PO UIF OVNCFS MJOF STEP 3 0SEFS UIF GSBDUJPOT BOE EFDJNBMT Remember: The point farthest to the left is the least value ,_ ,_ So, the times in order from shortest to longest are: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Try This! 9 3 _ Order 6.03, 5 10, 5 4, and 6.2 from greatest to least. t -PDBUF FBDI GSBDUJPO BOE EFDJNBM PO UIF OVNCFS MJOF 6TF CFODINBSLT UP IFMQ ZPV locate each.,, +(, )(,,%),,%,, +* 0, (' - +(,%., -%'* -%), -%) From the greatest to least: _, _, _, _ )PX EPFT UIF OVNCFS MJOF IFMQ ZPV PSEFS OVNCFST GSPN HSFBUFTU UP least? Getting Ready for Grade 6 P247

31 Share and Show Locate each number on the number line. Then write the numbers in order from least to greatest. 1. 3, 0.54, For 2 3, locate each set of numbers on a number line. Then write the numbers in order from greatest to least , 1 1 4, 1.37, , 0.5, 2 5, 0.78 On Your OwnN For 4 5, locate each number on a number line. Then write the numbers in order from least to greatest , 1 2, 2 3, , 7.4, 7 3 4, 7.77 For 6 7, locate each number on a number line. Then write the numbers in order from greatest to least , 0.222, 3 5, , 3 1 5, 3.48, Judges in a skateboarding competition gave scores of 8.2, 8 1_ 3, 84_ 5, 8.44, and 81_ 5. Which two scores were closest to one another? Explain. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company P248

32 Name Factor Trees Essential Question How can you factor numbers using a factor tree? Lesson 3 Mr. Shu gives this puzzle to his math students. Write 24 as a product of factors that are prime. Remember that a prime number must be greater than 1 and can have only 1 and itself as factors. You can use a diagram called a factor tree to find the factors of a number. than 1 that has only 1 and itself as factors. Use a factor tree to find the prime number factors that have a product of 24. STEP 1 STEP 2 STEP 3 STEP 4 Write the number to be factored at the top of the factor tree. Write it as a product of any two factors. Think: Write each factor as the product of two factors. Think: and Continue until each factor is a prime number. Think: and _ Write the factors that are prime numbers from least to greatest. _ 3 _ 3 _ 3 3 _ 3 _ 3 _ So, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Try This! Make a different factor tree for 24. in the Example? Explain Explain how you can use factored numbers to find common factors. Getting Ready for Grade 6 P249

33 Share and Show 1. Use a factor tree to find the prime number factors that have a product of as a product of any two factors. _ 5 _ _ 3 _ 21 5 _ 3 _ 3 21 _ _ Now each factor has only _ and itself as factors. So, _ 3 _ 3 _ 3 _. Remember to continue to factor a number if it has factors other than 1 and itself. Use a factor tree to find the prime number factors On Your OwnN Use a factor tree to find the prime number factors Mr. Shu gave these problems to his math students. Solve. 8. Write 500 as a product of prime number factors. Each factor must be greater than 1 and can have only 1 and itself as factors. 9. Find a number that has four identical even factors. Each factor must be greater than 1 and can have only 1 and itself as factors. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company P250

34 Name Model Percent Essential Question How can you express real world quantities as percents and use them to solve problems? Lesson 4 Percent means per hundred or out of 100. So, when you find percent you are finding a part of 100. Sixty percent, for example, means 60 out of 100. You can write percents using the percent symbol, %. So, 60 percent is written as 60%. Name the percent that is shaded Example 2 Name the percent that is not shaded Try This! Use the number line. Tell what these percents mean: 0 percent, 50 percent, 100 percent. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company A. 0 percent means _ out of 100, or none of the total. B. 50 percent means _ out of 100, or half of the total. C. 100 percent means _ out of 100, or all of the total. Explain Getting Ready for Grade 6 P251

35 Share and Show Use the diagram to write the percent. 1. How many whole columns and single squares are shaded? 2. What percent is shaded? 3. What percent is unshaded? Shade the grid to show the percent percent percent On Your OwnN Use the diagram to write the percent. 6. light shading 7. dark shading 8. not shaded 9. not shaded 10. dark shading 11. light shading Write the closest benchmark for the percent % % 14. 4% 15. In an election between Warren and Jorge, Warren declared victory because he received 58 percent of the vote. Is he correct? Explain. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company P252

36 Name Relate Decimals and Percents Essential Question How can you express decimals as percents and percents as decimals? Lesson 5 Decimals and percents are two ways of expressing the same number. You can write a percent as a decimal. You can also write a decimal as a percent. Model Write 0.42 as a percent. STEP 1 Write the decimal as a ratio hundredths 5 42 out of 100. STEP 2 Make a model that shows 42 out of 100. STEP 3 Use the model to write a percent shaded squares 5 _ percent, or _% STEP 1 Write the percent as a fraction. 19% STEP 2 Make a model that shows 19 out of 100. STEP 3 Use the model to write a decimal. Model 19 percent. Write 19% as a decimal. 19 shaded squares out of 100 squares 5 Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Suppose a store is having a 50% off sale. What Getting Ready for Grade 6 P253

37 Share and Show Use the model. Complete each statement. 1a _ out of 100 1b. How many squares are shaded? 1c. What percent is shaded? Write the percents as decimals percent percent On Your OwnN Write the decimals as percents Write the percents as decimals percent % percent percent percent percent percent 19. 9% 20. In basketball, Linda made 0.56 of her shots. What percent of her shots did Linda miss? Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company P254

38 Name Fractions, Decimals, and Percents Essential Question How can you convert between fractions, decimals, and percents? Lesson 6 Every percent and decimal number can also be written as a fraction. All fractions can be written as decimals and percents. For example, 2_ 5 of the songs in Bonnie s music collection are country songs. What percent of her song collection is country? Write the percent that is equivalent to 2 5. STEP 1 Set up the equivalent fraction with a denominator of ? 5 3? STEP 2 Ask: By what factor can you multiply the denominator to get 100? 2 3? STEP 3 Multiply the numerator by the same factor, STEP 4 Write the fraction as a percent percent 100 So, 2 equals 40 percent. 5 multiply the denominator by 20 Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company More Examples A. Write 8 as a decimal. 25 STEP 1 Write an equivalent fraction with a denominator of STEP 2 Write the fraction as a decimal multiply denominator and numerator by 4 B. Write 90 percent as a fraction in simplest form. STEP 1 Write 90% as a fraction. 90% STEP 2 Simplify % How are 9% and 90% alike when written as decimals? How are they different? Getting Ready for Grade 6 P255

39 Share and Show Complete the steps to write 7 as a percent By what factor should you multiply the denominator and numerator? 7 3? 20 3? 5? For 20 7, what is an equivalent fraction with a denominator of 100? 3. What percent is equivalent to 7 20? Write a decimal, a percent, or a simplified fraction. 4. 1_ 4 as a decimal 5. 3 as a percent 6. 80% as a fraction 10 On Your OwnN Write a decimal, a percent, or a simplified fraction. 7. 1_ 2 as a percent as a decimal as a percent % as a fraction _ 5 as a percent as a decimal as a percent as a percent % as fraction 16. 4_ 5 as a percent as a decimal as a percent Whitney has finished 20 9 of her book. What percent of the book does Whitney still need to read? 20. Roger has completed 4 25 of his math homework. What percent of his math homework does he still need to do? Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company P256

40 Name Concepts and Skills Locate each number on the number line. Then complete the sentence. (pp. P245 P246) , 3 5, 0.35 The number with the least value is. Write the numbers in order from least to greatest. (pp. P247 P248) , 3 5, 0.55, , 0.7, 1 2, 0.1 Use a factor tree to find the prime number factors. (pp. P249 P250) Write a decimal, a percent, or a simplified fraction. (pp. P251 P256) as a percent 8. 3 as a decimal % as a fraction as a percent 20 Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company For 11 12, use the data in the table. (pp. P251 P256) 11. What percent of the apes in the Wild Country Zoo are orangutans? 12. One species makes up 40% of the apes in the zoo. Which species is it? Apes in the Wild Country Zoo Species Number Bonobo 4 Chimpanzee 20 Gorilla 15 Orangutan 11 Total 50 Getting Ready for Grade 6 P257

41 Fill in the bubble or grid completely to show your answer. 13. Entries for the Lake Manatee Bass Fishing Contest are shown. First place is awarded to the contestant with the heaviest fish. Contestant George Lake Manatee Bass Contest Weight of fish caught 6.25 pounds Mia 6 2_ 5 pounds Harvey 6 1_ 3 pounds What is the correct order from first place to third place? (pp. P247 P248) A First: George, Second: Mia, Third: Harvey B First: Mia, Second: George, Third: Harvey C First: Mia, Second: Harvey, Third: George D First: Harvey, Second: Mia, Third: George 14. Ric used a factor tree to write 180 as a product of factors that are prime numbers. How many factors were in Ric s product? (pp. P249 P250) A 2 B 3 C 4 D On Monday, 6% of the students at Riverside School were absent. Written as a decimal, what portion of Riverside s students attended school that day? (pp. P253 P254) A 0.06 B 0.6 C 0.94 D The Hastings family drove 12 of the distance to Yellowstone National 25 Park on the first day of their vacation. What percent of the distance to the park remained for them to drive? (pp. P255 P256) A 12% C 48% B 13% D 52% Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company P258