What happens if you forgot to file taxes one year

The deadline to file a tax return has come and gone. Did you miss it? Depending on your situation that could be cause for an “oops” or it could mean you need to take action ASAP to avoid owing any more to the IRS.

If you missed the tax deadline but are due a refund there is no penalty. The government is happy to hold on to your money, interest-free, for a bit longer. In fact, you have up to three years from the filing deadline to complete a return and get that refund.

Don’t delay too long though. This is especially true if you get a Premium Tax Credit to help pay for insurance. Failure to file a tax return could jeopardize that credit, so it’s better to act soon. You can still make an appointment at an H&R Block office or start online.

If you owe taxes and missed the deadline, there’s good news and bad news.

Bad news: You can’t file an extension at this point.

More bad news: you will be charged failure-to-file and failure-to-pay penalties for missing the deadline.

Good news: You can still file.

Ok, that might not seem like great news. How about this: The sooner you file, the less you’ll pay in penalties.

Read more about exactly how those penalties are calculated. Generally, the IRS charges them on a monthly basis, but they can be prorated for a portion of a month. So it’s a good idea to file as soon as possible to limit the charges you may incur. After 60 days pass, you will incur an established minimum penalty that is the lesser of $205 or 100% of the unpaid tax you owe.

So there is a simple solution: Get that tax return filed and make it a priority now. Learn more about how to file back tax returns and how to reduce penalties and interest if you qualify. Get help from a trusted IRS expert.

Start filing online for free.

Related Tax Terms

Substitute for Return (SFR) Failure to File Penalty Failure to Pay Penalty Filing Compliance

Related IRS Notices

IRS Notice CP80 – The IRS Hasn’t Received Your Tax Return IRS Notice CP81 – Tax Return Not Received – Credit on Account IRS Notice CP63 – The IRS is Holding Your Tax Refund IRS Notice LT26 – The IRS Still Hasn’t Received Your Tax Return IRS Notice CP259 – You Didn’t File a Tax Return

Get help from an IRS expert

H&R Block’s experts can solve any IRS problem, no matter how complex.

Make an appointment

Or call 855-536-6504

How to File Back Tax Returns with the IRS

Learn about the consequences and complications of an unflied tax return from the experts at H&R Block.

Don’t Pay an IRS Penalty Without Looking Into Penalty Relief

The IRS grants four types of penalty relief, but many taxpayers don't ever ask. Learn how to request penalty abatement from the IRS.

Nine Tips to Get Back on Track with the IRS When You Haven’t Filed Tax Returns

If you haven't filed required tax returns, find out how far back you may need to file, and get the nine tips you need to know about filing back tax returns.

How to Get Your Old IRS Forms W-2 and 1099

Need copies of your old Forms W-2 or 1099? Learn about the four different ways to obtain IRS wage and income transcripts from the tax experts at H&R Block.

Let’s break down the reality of the situation when you have unfiled back tax returns – and exactly what to do about it to avoid potential issues related to tax evasion — a serious issue.

Three consequences of unfiled returns

When evaluating the costs of not filing your return, know these facts:

1. It’s illegal.

The law requires you to file every year that you have a filing requirement. The government can hit you with civil and even criminal penalties for failing to file your return.

2. Prepare to pay extra if you owe taxes.

The penalty for filing late is 5% of the taxes you owe per month for the first five months – up to 25% of your tax bill. The IRS will also charge you interest until you pay off the balance.

3. You can lose your refund.

If you were supposed to get a refund with the late return, you could lose the refund depending on how late you file. To get your refund, you have to file the return within three years of the due date.

Good news: There’s no penalty on a return with a refund (or zero tax balance), so don’t delay if you want that refund!

What to expect when you start filing again

Remember, the law says you must file all required tax returns. If you haven’t met that obligation, you should get back into good standing with the IRS. Learn how to file back tax returns with the IRS.

Here’s more about what happens when you file back tax returns.

You could be audited – not because your return is late, but because the IRS thinks the return has errors

The IRS will evaluate any back tax return you file in basically the same way it evaluates all returns.

The average return won’t dramatically increase your audit chances, especially if you earn Form W-2 wages and don’t have a complicated tax situation. In some cases, though, the IRS could select a back tax return for audit.

For example, let’s say you haven’t filed for three or four years and you suddenly file a return with several hundred thousand dollars of self-employment income. This would raise red flags for the IRS compared to other years – and the IRS would likely open an audit.

Your chances of being audited go up even higher if you file the return, but leave off income that has been reported to the IRS, such as Form W-2 or 1099 income. That makes it even more important to thoroughly and completely prepare back tax returns.

For most people, the further back in time you go, the less reliable your records are. If this is the case for you, don’t worry. There’s something you can do about it. You or an authorized tax professional acting on your behalf can research your account at the IRS. Your IRS transcripts will help you uncover and report all the income that’s been reported to the IRS.

In the unlikely event that the IRS selects your return for audit, the IRS auditor will require you to file all your back tax returns. Those returns will almost certainly be included in the audit.

But keep in mind, the overall audit rate is low. It’s in your best interest to file right away to minimize other problems like penalties and interest.

You’ll get your refund if there aren’t any issues

If you file your back tax return within three years of the return due date, the IRS will generally send your refund if you’re supposed to get one.

That’s assuming there’s no cause for the IRS to hold or take your refund.

If the IRS has already started a delinquent return investigation or inquiry on one or more of those years, the IRS will hold your current-year refund until you file the back tax returns or the IRS finishes its investigation. Delinquent return investigations can end with the IRS filing a return for you. (This is not a good thing.)

If you have issues like this, the IRS can freeze your refund or apply your current-year refund to any tax bill you owe – just like the IRS would for any taxpayer who owed back taxes.

Learn what to do if you can’t pay your taxes.

If you owe and can’t pay, the IRS will work with you

If you file a return and owe taxes, it’s always best to pay by the due date of the return to minimize penalties and avoid interest.

But in some cases, that’s just not possible.

If you haven’t filed all your required returns, you won’t have many options until you file them all. Delaying or not filing at all is a bad strategy. The IRS charges (or, “assesses”) a steep penalty for filing late. Add that to the penalty for paying late, and you’re adding as much as 25% to your tax bill.

But if you file the returns and get into a payment agreement with the IRS (like a monthly payment plan or other arrangement), you’ll get reduced penalties. You may even qualify for certain forms of penalty abatement.

The bottom line: It’s best to address tax problems sooner rather than later. Learn about unfiled tax returns.

Check out H&R Block Tax Audit & Notice Services to find a local tax professional who can navigate the IRS for you. Your tax pro can prepare and file accurate back tax returns, set up a payment agreement with the IRS for you, and resolve any other issues related to your late returns. Or get help from a trusted IRS expert.

Related Tax Terms

Substitute for Return (SFR) Failure to File Penalty Failure to Pay Penalty IRS Penalty Abatement IRS Wage and Income Transcript Installment Agreement

Related IRS Notices

IRS Notice CP80 – The IRS Hasn’t Received Your Tax Return IRS Notice CP88 – The IRS Still Hasn’t Received Your Form 1040 IRS Notice CP63 – The IRS is Holding Your Tax Refund IRS Letter 2566 – Proposed Individual Tax Assessment

Get help from an IRS expert

H&R Block’s experts can solve any IRS problem, no matter how complex.

Make an appointment

Or call 855-536-6504

How to File Back Tax Returns with the IRS

Learn about the consequences and complications of an unflied tax return from the experts at H&R Block.

Private: The Four Types of IRS Penalty Relief – and How to Know What’s Best for You

Get the facts from H&R Block about the four types of IRS penalty relief, and which IRS penalty relief option may be best for your situation.

Private: Five Reasons Self-Employed People Should File Back Tax Returns — Now

Learn about the consequences you may face if you are self-employed and have unfiled returns. Get the facts from the tax experts at H&R Block.

How to Get Your Old IRS Forms W-2 and 1099

Need copies of your old Forms W-2 or 1099? Learn about the four different ways to obtain IRS wage and income transcripts from the tax experts at H&R Block.

How to Research Your IRS Account

Requesting your tax transcripts is the best way to research your IRS tax account. You can also authorize your tax pro to communicate with the IRS for you.

What happens if you forget to file one year?

If you fail to file your taxes on time, you'll likely encounter what's called a Failure to File Penalty. The penalty for failing to file represents 5% of your unpaid tax liability for each month your return is late, up to 25% of your total unpaid taxes. If you're due a refund, there's no penalty for failure to file.

Can I file taxes for a year I missed?

In fact, you have up to three years from the filing deadline to complete a return and get that refund. Don't delay too long though. This is especially true if you get a Premium Tax Credit to help pay for insurance. Failure to file a tax return could jeopardize that credit, so it's better to act soon.

What's the longest you can go without filing taxes?

The IRS expects every business to file a federal tax return and pay taxes every year. So the real answer to that question is (drumroll please): Zero. There are no IRS-issued guidelines or allowances that will let you skip filing taxes for a year.