Mild chronic white matter microvascular ischemic changes

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Mild cognitive impairment in stroke patients with ischemic cerebral small-vessel disease: a forerunner of vascular dementia?
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What does mild chronic microvascular ischemic changes mean?
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What does chronic ischemic changes in the brain mean?

Mild cognitive impairment in stroke patients with ischemic cerebral small-vessel disease: a forerunner of vascular dementia?

Marta Grau-Olivares et al. Expert Rev Neurother. 2009 Aug.

Abstract

Ischemic cerebral small-vessel disease accounts for a third of acute cerebral ischemic events and contributes to the development of cognitive decline and dementia. Cerebral small-vessel disease can be visualized on MRI studies as lacunar infarcts, white matter lesions and cerebral microbleeds. In general, the short-term prognosis of ischemic cerebral small-vessel disease compared with other stroke subtypes is more favorable, with almost negligible early mortality, absence of neuropsychological impairment and excellent neurological recovery. However, it has been shown recently that the proportion of dementia caused by small-vessel disease ranges from 36 to 67%. On the other hand, patients with a first-ever lacunar infarction present with cognitive impairment (mainly executive dysfunction) in more than half of cases and more than 55% of patients fulfil the criteria of mild cognitive impairment of the vascular type. Moreover, patients with small-vessel disease have an increase in the mid- and long-term risk of death, stroke recurrence and dementia. Neuropsychological abnormalities in small-vessel disease occurred more frequently than previously recognized. Ischemic cerebral small-vessel disease should be regarded as a potentially severe condition prodrome of subcortical vascular dementia rather than a relatively benign disorder.

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What does mild chronic microvascular ischemic changes mean?

Microvascular ischemic disease is an umbrella term that refers to a variety of changes in the small blood vessels of your brain. Depending on the severity of these changes, they can cause a range of complications — from difficulty focusing to a stroke.

What does white matter Ischaemic changes mean?

For your white matter to be healthy, it needs good blood flow and nutrients. Decreased blood flow (ischemia) and nutrients to the white matter can cause damage to these nerve fibers (axons) including swelling, breaking and complete loss.

What causes mild chronic microvascular ischemic changes?

The cause of microvascular ischemic disease is believed to be the result of atherosclerosis, which is caused by plaque buildup and hardening that damages the blood vessels. This narrowing of blood vessels can result in stroke and heart attacks.